English Transfer Pathway

Alternative Job Titles for Writers and Authors

• Advertisement Agency Copywriter (Ad Agency Copywriter)
• Advertising Associate
• Advertising Copywriter
• Advertising Writer
• Communications Specialist
• Copywriter
• Freelance Copywriter
• Promotion Writer
• Search Engine Optimization Copywriter (SEO Copywriter)
• Web Content Writer

Job Tasks and Activities for Writers and Authors

• Conduct market research.
• Conduct research and interviews to determine which of a product's selling features should be promoted.
• Confer with clients to determine needs.
• Develop advertising campaigns for a wide range of clients, working with an advertising agency's creative director and art director to determine the best way to present advertising information.
• Develop promotional strategies or plans.
• Discuss with the client the product, advertising themes and methods, and any changes that should be made in advertising copy.
• Invent names for products and write the slogans that appear on packaging, brochures and other promotional material.
• Monitor current trends.
• Present drafts and ideas to clients.
• Present work to clients for approval.
• Review advertising trends, consumer surveys, and other data regarding marketing of goods and services to determine the best way to promote products.
• Vary language and tone of messages based on product and medium.
• Write advertising or promotional material.
• Write articles, bulletins, sales letters, speeches, and other related informative, marketing and promotional material.

Interests for Writers and Authors

• Artistic
  Creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials.
• Enterprising
  Managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations.

Skills for Writers and Authors

In order of importance

• Writing
  Writing things for co-workers or customers.
  Importance: 94/100
• Reading Comprehension
  Reading work-related information.
  Importance: 78/100
• Active Listening
  Listening to others, not interrupting, and asking good questions.
  Importance: 72/100
• Speaking
  Talking to others.
  Importance: 72/100
• Critical Thinking
  Thinking about the pros and cons of different ways to solve a problem.
  Importance: 66/100
• Time Management
  Managing your time and the time of other people.
  Importance: 66/100
• Active Learning
  Figuring out how to use new ideas or things.
  Importance: 60/100
• Persuasion
  Talking people into changing their minds or their behavior.
  Importance: 60/100
• Coordination
  Changing what is done based on other people's actions.
  Importance: 60/100
• Social Perceptiveness
  Understanding people's reactions.
  Importance: 60/100
• Judgment and Decision Making
  Thinking about the pros and cons of different options and picking the best one.
  Importance: 56/100
• Service Orientation
  Looking for ways to help people.
  Importance: 53/100
• Complex Problem Solving
  Noticing a problem and figuring out the best way to solve it.
  Importance: 50/100
• Monitoring
  Keeping track of how well people and/or groups are doing in order to make improvements.
  Importance: 50/100
• Negotiation
  Bringing people together to solve differences.
  Importance: 47/100
• Instructing
  Teaching people how to do something.
  Importance: 47/100
• Learning Strategies
  Using the best training or teaching strategies for learning new things.
  Importance: 44/100
• Management of Personnel Resources
  Selecting and managing the best workers for a job.
  Importance: 38/100
• Systems Evaluation
  Measuring how well a system is working and how to improve it.
  Importance: 35/100
• Systems Analysis
  Figuring out how a system should work and how changes in the future will affect it.
  Importance: 31/100
• Technology Design
  Making equipment and technology useful for customers.
  Importance: 19/100
• Programming
  Writing computer programs.
  Importance: 16/100
• Quality Control Analysis
  Testing how well a product or service works.
  Importance: 13/100
• Mathematics
  Using math to solve problems.
  Importance: 6/100
• Operations Analysis
  Figuring out what a product or service needs to be able to do.
  Importance: 6/100
• Science
  Using scientific rules and strategies to solve problems.
  Importance: 3/100
• Management of Financial Resources
  Making spending decisions and keeping track of what is spent.
  Importance: 3/100
• Management of Material Resources
  Managing equipment and materials.
  Importance: 3/100

Knowledge for Writers and Authors

In order of importance

• English Language
  Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition, and grammar.
  Importance: 100/100
• Sales and Marketing
  Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
  Importance: 83/100
• Communications and Media
  Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
  Importance: 80/100
• Customer and Personal Service
  Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
  Importance: 75/100
• Computers and Electronics
  Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
  Importance: 64/100
• Mathematics
  Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
  Importance: 47/100
• Administrative
  Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
  Importance: 46/100
• Administration and Management
  Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
  Importance: 42/100
• Sociology and Anthropology
  Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
  Importance: 41/100
• Psychology
  Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
  Importance: 40/100
• Telecommunications
  Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
  Importance: 34/100
• Personnel and Human Resources
  Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
  Importance: 34/100
• Design
  Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
  Importance: 31/100
• Fine Arts
  Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
  Importance: 26/100
• Law and Government
  Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
  Importance: 25/100
• Economics and Accounting
  Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
  Importance: 24/100
• Production and Processing
  Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
  Importance: 23/100
• Education and Training
  Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
  Importance: 23/100
• Public Safety and Security
  Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
  Importance: 22/100
• Philosophy and Theology
  Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
  Importance: 22/100
• Geography
  Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
  Importance: 20/100
• History and Archeology
  Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
  Importance: 15/100
• Foreign Language
  Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
  Importance: 12/100
• Mechanical
  Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
  Importance: 9/100
• Transportation
  Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
  Importance: 9/100
• Therapy and Counseling
  Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
  Importance: 5/100
• Food Production
  Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
  Importance: 2/100
• Medicine and Dentistry
  Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
  Importance: 1/100

Physical Abilities for Writers and Authors

In order of importance

• Written Expression
  Communicating by writing.
  Importance: 91/100
• Written Comprehension
  Reading and understanding what is written.
  Importance: 78/100
• Oral Expression
  Communicating by speaking.
  Importance: 75/100
• Oral Comprehension
  Listening and understanding what people say.
  Importance: 75/100
• Originality
  Creating new and original ideas.
  Importance: 72/100
• Fluency of Ideas
  Coming up with lots of ideas.
  Importance: 72/100
• Speech Recognition
  Recognizing spoken words.
  Importance: 66/100
• Speech Clarity
  Speaking clearly.
  Importance: 66/100
• Near Vision
  Seeing details up close.
  Importance: 60/100
• Deductive Reasoning
  Using rules to solve problems.
  Importance: 53/100
• Inductive Reasoning
  Making general rules or coming up with answers from lots of detailed information.
  Importance: 53/100
• Information Ordering
  Ordering or arranging things.
  Importance: 50/100
• Category Flexibility
  Grouping things in different ways.
  Importance: 50/100
• Problem Sensitivity
  Noticing when problems happen.
  Importance: 50/100
• Selective Attention
  Paying attention to something without being distracted.
  Importance: 44/100
• Speed of Closure
  Quickly knowing what you are looking at.
  Importance: 41/100
• Time Sharing
  Doing two or more things at the same time.
  Importance: 38/100
• Flexibility of Closure
  Seeing hidden patterns.
  Importance: 38/100
• Far Vision
  Seeing details that are far away.
  Importance: 35/100
• Visualization
  Imagining how something will look after it is moved around or changed.
  Importance: 35/100
• Memorization
  Remembering words, numbers, pictures, or steps.
  Importance: 35/100
• Visual Color Discrimination
  Noticing the difference between colors, including shades and brightness.
  Importance: 28/100
• Trunk Strength
  Using your lower back and stomach.
  Importance: 25/100
• Auditory Attention
  Paying attention to one sound while there are other distracting sounds.
  Importance: 25/100
• Perceptual Speed
  Quickly comparing groups of letters, numbers, pictures, or other things.
  Importance: 25/100
• Hearing Sensitivity
  Telling the difference between sounds.
  Importance: 13/100
• Number Facility
  Adding, subtracting, multiplying, or dividing.
  Importance: 10/100
• Wrist-Finger Speed
  Making fast, simple, repeated movements of your fingers, hands, and wrists.
  Importance: 10/100
• Mathematical Reasoning
  Choosing the right type of math to solve a problem.
  Importance: 10/100
• Finger Dexterity
  Putting together small parts with your fingers.
  Importance: 10/100
• Arm-Hand Steadiness
  Keeping your arm or hand steady.
  Importance: 6/100
• Spatial Orientation
  Knowing where things are around you.
  Importance: 6/100
• Multilimb Coordination
  Using your arms and/or legs together while sitting, standing, or lying down.
  Importance: 6/100
• Control Precision
  Quickly changing the controls of a machine, car, truck or boat.
  Importance: 6/100
• Static Strength
  Lifting, pushing, pulling, or carrying.
  Importance: 3/100
• Response Orientation
  Quickly deciding if you should move your hand, foot, or other body part.
  Importance: 3/100
• Dynamic Strength
  Exercising for a long time without your muscles getting tired.
  Importance: 3/100
• Speed of Limb Movement
  Quickly moving your arms and legs.
  Importance: 3/100
• Explosive Strength
  Jumping, sprinting, or throwing something.
  Importance: 3/100
• Gross Body Equilibrium
  Keeping your balance or staying upright.
  Importance: 3/100
• Gross Body Coordination
  Moving your arms, legs, and mid-section together while your whole body is moving.
  Importance: 3/100
• Stamina
  Exercising for a long time without getting out of breath.
  Importance: 3/100
• Rate Control
  Changing when and how fast you move based on how something else is moving.
  Importance: 3/100
• Dynamic Flexibility
  Quickly and repeatedly bending, stretching, twisting, or reaching out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Importance: 3/100
• Reaction Time
  Quickly moving your hand, finger, or foot based on a sound, light, picture or other command.
  Importance: 3/100
• Manual Dexterity
  Holding or moving items with your hands.
  Importance: 3/100
• Extent Flexibility
  Bending, stretching, twisting, or reaching with your body, arms, and/or legs.
  Importance: 3/100

Tools and Technology used by Writers and Authors

• Desktop computers
• Flash memory storage card
• Notebook computers
• Personal computers
• Photocopiers
• Teleconference equipment
• Videoconferencing systems
• Cloud-based data access and sharing software
  • Asana
  • Google Drive
  • Microsoft SharePoint
  • Slack
• Customer relationship management CRM software
  • Blackbaud The Raiser's Edge
• Data base management system software
  • MySQL
• Data base user interface and query software
  • FileMaker Pro
  • Microsoft Access
• Data mining software
  • Google Analytics
• Desktop communications software
  • Eko
  • ParentSquare
• Desktop publishing software
  • Adobe InDesign
  • Campaign Monitor
  • QuarkXPress
• Document management software
  • Adobe Acrobat
• Electronic mail software
  • Microsoft Outlook
  • SendGrid
• Graphical user interface development software
  • Figma
• Graphics or photo imaging software
  • Adobe Creative Cloud software
  • Adobe Illustrator
  • Adobe Photoshop
• Industrial control software
  • Chatbot software
• Instant messaging software
  • Twitter
• Office suite software
  • Google Workspace software
  • Microsoft Office software
• Presentation software
  • Adobe Persuasion
  • Corel Presentation
  • Google Slides
  • Microsoft PowerPoint
• Project management software
  • Microsoft Project
  • Project management software
• Sales and marketing software
  • Google Ads
  • HubSpot software
• Spreadsheet software
  • Microsoft Excel
• Video creation and editing software
  • Adobe After Effects
  • Adobe Premiere Pro
  • Apple Final Cut Pro
  • Avid Technology Media Composer
  • Flipgrid
  • Kapwing
  • Loom
  • TikTok
  • YouTube
• Web page creation and editing software
  • Adobe Dreamweaver
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • Social media sites
  • Web content management system CMS software
  • WordPress
• Web platform development software
  • Drupal
  • Hypertext markup language HTML
  • PHP
• Word processing software
  • Google Docs
  • Microsoft Word

Employment Industries for Writers and Authors

• Advertising, public relations, and related services
  6,700 employed
• Independent artists, writers, and performers
  5,000 employed
• Management, scientific, and technical consulting services
  4,100 employed